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Unire STATES Aralar ritten.

THOMAS BROVN AND SAMUEL N. BROWN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO S. N. BROWN 8L OO., OF SAME PLACE.

HUB FOR VEHICLE-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,251, dated October 1'7, 1882.

(Model.)

To all whom it muy concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS BROWN and SAMUEL N. BROWN, citizens oi' the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of 5 Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hubs i'orVehicles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of Wood- [o en hubs in which the hub is provided with one or more metallic strengthening-bands occupying annular grooves formed in its periphery.

Prior to our'invention the metallic strengthening-band has been slipped on the hub and over one of the annular grooves therein, and the band then bodily upset by driving the hub into a conical-shaped female die, the inclined walls of which reduce the diameter ot' the band and slightly increase its width and thickness,

zo so that itshall engage with considerable pressure the wooden portion of the hub embraced by it. This mode ot' securing the strengthening-band on the hub requires the groove to be formed at its side nearest the spoke-line with an abrupt side or shoulder, which will prevent the band from slipping farther on the hub when the latter is forced into the conical female die.. The pressure exerted by the band laterally against said side or shoulder and in 3o the direction ofthe grain ofthe wood necessitates a heavy strain or pressure against the bridge or that part of the periphery of the hub that lies between the bands, which with our manner of compressingisentirelyavoided. If

said side ofthe groove is inclined relatively to the axis of the hub, the same difticultywill be found to exist, since in driving the hub into the conical die the pressure upon the band will be directed obliquely to the axis ot' the hub 4o and the band pressed against the side or" the groove nearest to the spoke-line in the direction ofthe grain ofthe wood.

It is the object of our invention to obviate such defect, and to upsetthe band upon an annularly-grooved hub without injury to the latter, and in such way that the iibers of the wood at the sides ot' the groove shall be compressed toward the centerof athe hub. To such end we form a metallic strengthening-band, as

5o hereinafter described, and, at'ter slippin git upon the hub and over the annular groove therein, subject the entire strengthening-band to a uniform pressure, acting upon its entire surface in radial or concentering lines at right angies to the axis ot' the hub, thereby reducing the diameter of the ring or band and compressing the same into the groove; and thefeatures of novelty which distinguish our invention from former improvements in the particular' art lie in the fact that no longitudinal movement ot the band or bauds or of the hub occurs during the act ot' compressing the band or bands in the groove wherein said band or bands are seated. By our method of compressing the band a moderate but equal pressure is produced upon the end grain ot the wood on each side of the groove, and the groove is completely filled by the baud. In the old system forcing the hub and band into the conical die causes an undue pressure on the end grain of' the wood upon one side ot the groove, and the metal of the band is drawn away from the other side, thus causing a looseness of the band at one side or edge of the groove and an injurious strain upon the other side.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates a wooden hub before its ends have been turned ot't to rece-ive the point and butt band. Inthistigureoneofthemetallcstrengthening-bands is shown applied, while the remaining strengthening-band is shown in section, so as to expose the annular groove iu the hub. Fig. 2 illustrates the hub, with its ends properly' turned and both 0f the metallic strengthening-bands applied. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section ofthe hub, taken ou the line x, Fig. 2. Fig. 4t is an edge view of the blank. Fig. 5 illustrates the band at'terit has been bent into circular form, but before its ends have been welded together and the band rolled into its ultimate shape, a section taken through the lapping ends ot' the band being included in said ligure. Fig. 6 represents the metallic strengthening band after its ends have beenwelded together and the band rolled intoshape,said iigureincludingacross-section of the band, and also showing in section dit'- ferent shapes into which the band may be rolled. Fig.7illustratesasimilarbandformed from a strip of such length that when ready IOO for welding the strip forms a full coil, the ends thereof meeting upon opposite sides of the strip or overlapping each other.

A indicates an ordinary wooden hub which is provided with one or iuore V-sliaped peripheralgrooves, B, located between the spokeline or middle, ot' the hub and the ends thereof. The metal strengtherring-bands C, which are preferably applied before the ends ot' the hub are turned oft', ai'e first formed, as in Fig. 4, rectangular in cross-section, with a segmental taper or incline from shoulders ai to its terminals. These slioiildei's are formed on opposite sides otl the band at points bet een its middle and its ends, but nearer the former than the latterportionsol'thestriporband. Thestripis then bent by suitable machinery into the annularl'orm shown in Fig. 5,in which itwill be seen that the terminals ot the band meet the shoiilders u with each tapering end portion lapping the other and extending about one-halt' the cii'- culnference ot'. the completed annular band. The band is then heated and its lapping portions welded tog'etlier by subjecting it to the action ot' suitable dies or rollers, so as to form a continuous or seamless band. Instead, how` ever, ol" forming the band from a strip having shoulders a` and tapered ends, as described, it may be constructed from a plain flat strip, C', as shown in Fig. 7, being ot' such length that the ends thereof meet upon opposite sides of the middle portion of said strip, or even overlap each other. ln either ease, at'tcr being coiled or bent into the required shape and then welded in the manner described, it is rolled by suitable machinery so as to give it in crosssection any one of the shapes shown in the sectional views included in Fig. 6, thereby adapting it to the form ot' groove B which the band is designed to occupy. The band, which is now ready to be seemed on the hub, is slipped on the latter until it is brought over one ot' the annular grooves, and it is then subjected to a uniform pressure applied to the surface ot' the band and in radial or cencenteriiig lines toward the center' or axis ot' the hub, thereby upsetting it and reducing` its diameter, so that it shall be com pressed entirely within the annu lar groove, no longitudinal movement being imparted to the band or bands or to the hub during the act of compressing the former in the groove or grooves, and thereby all longitudinal strain on the hub is avoided. It will be seen that by exerting such pressui'e in radial or concentering lines at right angles to the axis of the hub there will be no tendency to shift the band toward the middle or spokeliiie of the hub, such as occurs when the hub is driven in a conical female die, and hence that the band will not be forced in the direction ot' the grain ofthe wood against that side of the groove which is nearest the spoke'line with such pressure as would endanger the wood. It will also be seen that the inclined or beveled sides ofthe band, when the latter is thus com pressed or upset, press the fiber ot the wood toward the axis of the hub in'lieu ot' pressing in the direction ot' its length, and that after the hand has been thus compressed or upset its said beveled sides will bind upon the wood tibers at and near the face or perimeter ofthe hub,thusseciriring the samcagainstinjuryin an eflieient manner. After the metallic strengthening-baiids have been thus applied, the ends ot' the hub can be turned so as to receive the hub-cap and the sand-band, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, in which D indicates the end of the sand-band and E the end for the hiib-cap.

The hub may be turned into shape either before or after applying the strengtheningbands; but it is desirable generally to apply the bands first. Then this is done they are compressed within the annular grooves to such a degree that the outer surface of each band is forced below the periphery of the hub, in order that when the latter is turned and tinished the surface shall be tlush with the bands, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Instead ot' making the band triangular in crosssection, it may be made plano-convex or haltroundj7 with equally advantageous results, as shown in the sectional portions ot Fig. 6. liloreover, it' desired, it may be rolled into such shape that in cross-section it shall be triangular with the outer' face or hypotenuse plane, and the two legs inwardly curved, so as to form a double concave between the apices ot' the cross-section.

The form of band employed and its mode of manufacture will be made the subject-matter of a separate application for patent.

An application for Letters Patent filed July 10,1882, comprises a machine for compressing bands in grooves formed in the peripheryof the hub, the pressure beingexerted upon the entire outer surface ofthe bands in radial or concentering lines at right angles to the axis of the hub without any longitudinal movement ol' the hub or of the bands while the latter are being compressed. The above-named machine is an etlcient instrument to compress the bands in the manner described; but we do Ilot contine our invention to the use of such machine, as other instrumentalities may be used to effect the saine result.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is- 1. The method ot' banding hubs substantially as herein described, which consists in making an annular peripheral groove in the hub and compressing therein a solid metallic band by pressure exerted upon its surface in radial or concentering lines wit-hout producing unequal end-pressure upon the grain of the wood.

2. A wooden hub strengthened by one or more seamless metallic bands pressed in annular peripheral grooves in the hub by pressure exci'ted upon the surface ot' the band in radial or concentering lines at right angles to the axis of the hub wit-hout any longitudinal movement being imparted to either the band IOO IOS

IIO

IIS

scon 3 or bands or to the hub during the act ot' comtudinal movement; oi' the band or bands or thev pressing. hub while compressing the band or hands; suh- 3. The combination, with :L Wooden hub prostantia-lly as described. vided with one or more annular grooves formed ln testimony whereof` We have hereunto set 1 5 5 in its periphery, of the continuous annular our hands in the presence of' two subscribing,`

metallic strengthening-band, which is trizin- Witnesses.

gul-(ir or plano'convex in cross-section, and THOS. BROWN. which is pressed in the said groove by press- SAMUEL N. BROWN. nre exerted upon the surface of the band act- Witnesses:

io ing' in radial or concentering lines at right an- HORACE MCDERMONT,

gles to the axis ofthe hub without any lon'gi- WEBSTER W; SHUEY. 

